Heel Bone (Calcaneus): The heel bone (calcaneus) is the largest bone in the foot, providing support for standing and walking. Injuries & Illnesses: Heel spurs, plantar fasciitis, calcaneal fractures, Achilles tendonitis. Specialists: Orthopedic surgeons, podiatrists, physical therapists. Procedures & Therapies: Heel surgery, physical therapy (stretching, strengthening), orthotics, corticosteroid injections, ice therapy.